Question bank
Pick an answer to see if you're right — with an explanation.
All topicsPythonSQL / MySQLData ScienceNumPyPandasMatplotlibMachine LearningDeep LearningArtificial IntelligenceLarge Language ModelsDjangoAPIsGit & GitHubPower BIExcelStatistics
SQL / MySQLEasy
What does `COUNT(*)` count?
aNon-null values
bDistinct values
cColumns
dAll rows
Explanation: COUNT(*) counts rows including NULLs.
PandasEasy
How do you count missing values per column?
adf.count_na()
bdf.missing()
cdf.isna().sum()
ddf.null()
Explanation: isna() returns booleans; sum counts True.
Machine LearningEasy
Model performs great on train, poorly on test. This is…
aUnderfitting
bRegularisation
cNormalisation
dOverfitting
Explanation: Overfitting = memorising training data.
DjangoEasy
Which protects forms against CSRF?
a{% secure %}
b@login_required
c{% csrf_token %}
dSECRET_KEY
Explanation: The csrf_token tag adds a hidden token.
Large Language ModelsEasy
Lower temperature makes output…
aMore random
bLonger
cMore deterministic
dShorter
Explanation: Lower temperature reduces randomness.
Artificial IntelligenceEasy
Which task suits a generative model rather than a traditional classifier?
aDrafting a personalised apology reply to a complaint
bPredicting tomorrow's units sold
cFlagging a transaction as fraud or not
dGrouping customers into five segments
Explanation: The other three produce a label or a number, which supervised models handle cheaply and reliably.
APIsEasy
Which URL follows REST naming conventions for fetching one order?
aGET /v1/orders/9812
bGET /v1/getOrder?id=9812
cPOST /v1/orders/get/9812
dGET /v1/order_fetch/9812
Explanation: Use plural nouns and put the identifier in the path; the HTTP method provides the verb.
Data ScienceEasy
Under India's DPDP Act, 2023, the organisation that decides why and how personal data is processed is the…
aData Fiduciary
bData Principal
cData Processor
dConsent Manager
Explanation: The Data Fiduciary determines purpose and means; the Data Principal is the individual.
Deep LearningEasy
Why is `optimizer.zero_grad()` called at the start of each training step?
aBecause PyTorch accumulates gradients across backward calls by default
bTo reset the learning rate
cTo re-initialise the weights randomly
dTo free the model from GPU memory
Explanation: Without zeroing, gradients from previous batches are added to the current ones, giving wrong updates.
DjangoEasy
Which generic view is designed to show a single object?
aListView
bTemplateView
cRedirectView
dDetailView
Explanation: DetailView fetches one object by pk or slug and renders it.
ExcelEasy
Which formula returns a distinct list of states from a column?
a=UNIQUE(Sales[State])
b=DISTINCT(Sales[State])
c=SORT(Sales[State])
d=COUNTIF(Sales[State],"*")
Explanation: UNIQUE spills the distinct values; there is no DISTINCT function in Excel.
Git & GitHubEasy
Why doesn't adding `db.sqlite3` to `.gitignore` stop Git from tracking it?
a.gitignore only works on Windows
bPatterns need a leading slash
cThe file is already tracked; .gitignore only affects untracked files
dSQLite files cannot be ignored
Explanation: Run git rm --cached on the file to untrack it; after that the ignore rule applies.
Large Language ModelsEasy
In tool/function calling, who actually executes the function?
aYour application code
bThe LLM provider's servers
cThe model itself
dThe user's browser
Explanation: The model only proposes a tool name and arguments; your code runs it and returns the result.
Machine LearningEasy
A random forest reduces overfitting mainly by…
aTraining trees sequentially on residuals
bAveraging many trees trained on bootstrap samples with random feature subsets
cPruning a single tree
dScaling the features
Explanation: Bagging plus random feature selection produces decorrelated trees whose average has lower variance.
MatplotlibEasy
Which file format is best for a chart that must stay crisp at any zoom level on a website?
aSVG
bJPG
cBMP
dLow-DPI PNG
Explanation: SVG is a vector format, so it scales without blurring.